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CHEMICAL
PROPERTIES OF HNO3
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WITH MAGNESIUM
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DILUTE
ACID
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Mg
+2HNO3
Mg(NO3)2+H2 |
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CONCENTRATED
ACID
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4Mg+10HNO3
Mg(NO3)2 + 3H2O+NH4NO3 |
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WITH
MANGANESE
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Mn
+ 2HNO3
Mn+2(NO3)2+H2 |
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WITH
ZINC
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4Zn+10HNO3
Zn(NO3)2+3H2O+NH4NO3 |
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WITH
COPPER
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DILUTE
ACID
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3Cu
+ 8HNO3
3Cu(NO3)2 +4H2O+2NO |
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CONCENTRATED
ACID
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Cu+4HNO3
Cu(NO3)2+2H2O +2NO2 |
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WITH
MERCURY
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Hg+4HNO3
Hg(NO3)2 + 2H2O + 2NO2 |
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AQUA REGIA
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| One part HNO3 and three parts of HCl when mixed together, the mixture so obtained is called Aqua Regia. Noble metals such as gold,platinum are not dissolved either of the acid alone but in Aqua Regia they easily dissolve due to liberation of atomic Cl which is highly reactive. | ||||
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HNO3
+ 3HCl
NOCl + 2H2O+2Cl |
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CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF H2SO4
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WITH
BASE
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H2SO4+NaOH
NaHSO4+H2OH2SO4+2NaOH
Na2SO4+H2O |
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WITH
ZINC
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Zn+H2SO4
ZnSO4 + H2 |
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WITH
ALUMINIUM
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2Al+3H2SO4
Al2(SO4)3+3H2 |
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WITH
COPPER
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Cu
+ 2H2SO4
CuSO4 +2H2O+SO2 |
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WITH
NON-METALS
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C+2H2SO4
CO2+2SO2 + 2H2OS+2H2SO4
3SO2+2H2O2P+3H2SO4
2H3PO4+3SO2 |
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SULPHURIC
ACID AS A DEHYDRATING AGENT
|
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| Sulphuric
acid removes hydrogen and oxygen in certain compounds in the ratio 2:1 and
behaves as a powerful dehydrating agent. Following examples illustrate its dehydrating ability. |
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With
Formic acid: HCOOH
+ H2SO4
CO + H2O+H2SO4 with Sugar: C12H22O11+H2SO4
12C+11H2O+H2SO4. With Hydrous copper sulphate : {CuSO4.5H2O}+H2SO4
CuSO4+5H2O +H2SO4 |
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