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CONCENTRATION
OF SOLUTION
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| Concentration of solution is defined as the amount of solute dissolved in a specific (fixed) amount of solvent. | |||
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UNITS OF CONCENTRATION |
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| Molarity Molality Normality Percentage composition Mole fraction |
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MOLARITY
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Molarity
is defined as the number of moles of solute dissolved in one litre (one
dm3) of solution.
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| For example: | |||
| If 2 moles of a solute are present in one litre of a solution then the molarity of solution will be (2M). | |||
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FORMULA
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Molarity
= number of moles of solute /volume of solution in litre
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OR
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Molarity
= mass of solute (in grams) /molecular mass x volume of solution in litre
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PERCENTAGE
OF COMPOSITION OF SOLUTION
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| Concentration of a solution can be expressed in terms of percentage composition. It is based on the weight or volume of the components of solution. | |||
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Weight
/ Weight %
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| 2% w / w solution means grams of solute is dissolved in 100 grams of solution. | |||
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Weight
/ volume %
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| 4% w / v solution means 4 grams of solute is dissolved in 100 ml of solution. | |||
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Volume
/ weight %
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| 3% v/ w solution means 3 ml of solute is dissolved in 100 grams of solution. | |||
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Volume
/ volume %
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| 5% v / v solution means 5 ml of solute is dissolved 100 ml of solution. | |||