PROPERTIES OF COVALENT COMPOUNDS
  
 

PROPERTIES OF COVALENT COMPOUNDS

Covalent compounds are in the form of stable molecules .

Covalent molecules are held together by weak inter molecular force of attraction.

Covalent compounds are either gases or liquids. Some covalent molecules are solids.
NH3 , CO2(gas)
H2O ,CCl4(liquid)
Iodine (solid)

They are volatile.

They have low melting points and boiling points.

They are soluble in the organic compounds.

Non-polar covalent compounds do not conduct electricity.

Polar covalent compounds conduct small amount of electricity.
COORDINATE COVALENT BOND
  
The type of chemical bond in which one atom provides shared pair of electron for bond formation is called "Coordinate Covalent Bond".In the formation of coordinate bond other atom does not provide electron for sharing. It is one sided sharing.
Formation of coordinate covalent bond is the property of atoms that have lone pair of electrons.
The atom that provides electron pair is called "Donor".The other which takes it is called "Acceptor".

Symbol:

is represented by an arrow (è ), pointing from donor atom to the acceptor.
Examples:
Ammonium ion , Hydronium ion
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COORDINATION COMPOUND

  
Complex compounds in which a fixed number of molecules or ions or ligands are bounded to a transition metal through coordinate covalent bond are known as "Coordination compounds."
Examples:
K4[Fe(CN)6] , [Cu(NH3)4(OH)2]
COORDINATION NUMBER
  
Number of ligands attached to the control transition metal in a coordination compound is called coordination number.
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