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On
industrial scale copper is extracted from its sulphide ore known as copper
pyrite (CuFeS2) by smelting method.
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STEPS
OF EXTRACTION
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For
more details CLICK HERE
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Concentration
Roasting
Smelting
Bessemerization |
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CONCENTRATION
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| Finely divided CuFeS2 is concentrated by "Froth-floatation method". Crushed ore is suspended in water containing pine oil. A blast of air is passed through the suspension. The particles of ore get wetted by oil and floats as a froth which is skimmed. The gangue sink to the bottom. | |||
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ROASTING
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| The concentrated ore is then roasted in the furnace in the presence of oxygen. During roasting sulphur, arsenic, antimony are converted into oxides and are removed. | |||
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4CuFeS2
+ SO2 ® 2CuS2 +
2FeO + 2FeS + 2SO2
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SMELTING
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| Roasted ore is then mixed with coke and sand and is fed into a blast furnace. Hot air converts FeO to iron silicate (FeSiO3). | |||
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FeO + SiO2
®
FeSiO3 + molten mass
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BESSEMERIZATION
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| Matte is converted into copper in a special furnace which is known as "Bessemer converter". When air is blown through the matte following reactions take place. | |||
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2Cu2S
+ 3O2 ® 2Cu2O +
2SO2
2Cu2O + Cu2S ® 6Cu + SO2 2FeS + 3O2 ® 2FeO + 2SO2 |
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| Copper obtained by this process is called blister copper. It is 97.98% pure. | |||
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For
more details CLICK HERE
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| For latest information , free computer courses and high impact notes visit www.citycollegiate.com | |||